Children Health Problem: The leading causes of death in children vary by age. Children below 5 years of age are particularly vulnerable to infectious diseases such as malaria, pneumonia, diarrhoea, HIV and tuberculosis. In 2019, pneumonia, diarrhea and malaria were responsible for nearly 30 percent of global deaths among children under the age of 5. Children are disproportionately affected in the world’s poorest regions, especially in sub-Saharan Africa with a high incidence of infectious diseases. UNICEF works around the world to protect and prevent children from dying from the disease. So let’s know which diseases are more likely to occur in children.
pneumoniae
According to UNICEF, pneumonia is the leading infectious cause of death in children under the age of 5, killing approximately 700,000 children annually. In many parts of the world, a child dies of pneumonia every minute – even though the disease is completely preventable and easily managed with antibiotics.
diarrhea
In recent years, significant progress has been made in reducing child deaths due to diarrhea. But diarrhea remains the leading cause of death in young children. However, diarrhea can be relieved with proper fluids, breastfeeding, constant feeding and use of antibiotics.
Malaria
Malaria is the third deadliest disease in the world for young children aged one month to 5 years after pneumonia and diarrhoea. According to the UNICEF report, around 274,000 children under the age of 5 died of the disease in 2019, which accounts for 67 percent of global malaria deaths.
Tuberculosis (TB)
Tuberculosis (TB) is a disease about which the world knows how to prevent and treat it. According to the UNICEF report, more than 600 children under the age of 15 die from it every day and this number is about 1.25 lakh each year. Most of these deaths occur in children under the age of 5.
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