The pressure of blood on the walls of blood vessels when your heart pumps blood is called blood pressure. An increase in the force that blood exerts on blood vessels as it passes through the body is called high blood pressure or hypertension. It is diagnosed when blood pressure is consistently above 130/80 during repeated checks in a healthcare office. The highest value is systolic pressure which reflects the pressure when the heart beats and pushes blood through the vessels. The lower value represents the pressure when blood vessels relax between heartbeats.
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Heart function problem: Hypertension causes persistently high blood pressure levels, which puts pressure on the heart to pump blood through greater resistance. This additional workload causes hypertrophy of the heart muscle, particularly the left ventricle of the heart. This reduces heart function and can lead to heart failure.
Damage to blood vessels: High blood pressure affects the endothelial lining of arteries, making them more susceptible to degenerative changes or developing atherosclerosis. This increases the chances of blockages which, in turn, lead to heart attacks and strokes.
Risk of coronary heart disease: High blood pressure prolongs the process of atherosclerosis, which impairs blood supply to the myocardium. This reduces oxygen supply and can lead to angina or myocardial infarction.
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Heart rhythm problems: High blood pressure can also cause remodeling of the heart’s electrical system and therefore lead to arrhythmias such as atrial fibrillation. These abnormal heart rhythms increase the risk of blood clots and strokes.
Heart failure: If neglected, high blood pressure affects the heart muscle. This can lead to heart failure, a condition in which the heart is unable to pump blood as efficiently as needed throughout the body. It is important to control high blood pressure through diet, screening, and medications to maintain a healthy cardiovascular system in the future. Preventing high blood pressure in its early stages helps avoid more serious cardiovascular events.
Disclaimer: Some information given in news is based on media reports. Before implementing any suggestion, you should consult the relevant expert.
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