Testicular cancer is also known as cancer of the testicles. According to the American Cancer Society, 1 out of every 263 people has testicular cancer. This cancer is more common in men between the ages of 25 and 30. However, it can also occur in children, adolescents, and after the age of 55. But most of its cases are seen in young men. When testicular cancer occurs, the testicles enlarge and cause symptoms such as heaviness in the testicular sac, lump formation, difficulty urinating, changes in the testicles, upset stomach, unusual cough, and colon cancer.
Types of Testicular Cancer
There are several types of testicular cancer. One of which is seminoma, a type of germ cell tumor that grows slowly. These tumors may also involve lymph nodes.
The second type is nonseminomas, which are rapidly growing germ cell tumors and can spread to other parts of the body. The third type is gonadal stromal tumors, these tumors are found in those that produce hormones.
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Symptoms of testicular cancer
- feeling of heaviness in the scrotum
- mild stomach or back pain
- sudden scrotal fluid filling
- testicle pain or discomfort
- breast enlargement
- persistent back pain
- fatigue and sleep problems
- having stomach problems
When should I see a doctor? (When should I see a doctor in Hindi)
If you experience pain, swelling, lump, heaviness or discomfort in your groin area or testicles, contact your doctor immediately. If you feel these symptoms for 2 weeks, you should see a doctor without delay. When you go to the doctor, don’t hesitate to tell us everything you’re feeling. Because only then the doctor will be able to examine you properly.
Tests done for testicular cancer include:
physical test
To diagnose testicular cancer, doctors perform a physical exam. The test shows whether there is a lump or not. Through physical tests, doctors try to find out what is the patient’s medical history and doctors also find out whether there is a family history of cancer.
Serum Tumor Marker Test
Serum tumor marker test is used to detect testicular cancer. In this procedure, blood samples are taken to measure the amount of a substance. These samples are known as tumor markers.
biopsy
Cancer cells are examined through biopsy by making an incision in the groin. In a biopsy, the doctor takes a small piece of skin tissue and examines it under a microscope to see if there is cancer.
CT scan and X-ray
CT scans and X-rays are done to see images of the internal organs of the body.
blood test
Blood tests are also done to detect testicular cancer. The presence of tumors is detected through blood tests.
ultrasound
Doctors also diagnose testicular cancer through ultrasound. Ultrasound uses high-energy sound waves to create images of the internal organs of the body. The size of the tumor is detected through ultrasound.
How is testicular cancer treated? (How is testicular cancer treated in Hindi)
Your testicular cancer treatment options depend on many factors, including the type and stage of cancer, your overall health, and your own preferences.
surgery
- Surgery to remove your testicle (radical anguinal orchiectomy) is the primary treatment for almost all stages and types of testicular cancer.
- The surgery is done through an incision in your abdomen to remove nearby lymph nodes (retroperitoneal lymph node dissection).
- Radiation therapy is a treatment option sometimes used in people who have a seminoma type of testicular cancer. Radiation therapy may be recommended after surgery to remove your testicle.
- Chemotherapy treatment uses drugs to kill cancer cells. Chemotherapy drugs travel throughout your body to kill cancer cells that may have migrated from the original tumor. Chemotherapy may be your only treatment, or it may be recommended before or after lymph node removal surgery.
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