Bariatric surgery involves a variety of procedures performed on people who are obese. Weight loss is achieved by reducing the size of the stomach with a gastric band or by removing a portion of the stomach (sleeve gastrectomy or biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch) or by re-routing the small intestine into a smaller stomach pouch. gastric bypass surgery).
The fundamental premise of bariatric surgery for the purpose of weight loss is the determination that severe obesity is a disease associated with many adverse health effects, which may be reversed or improved by successful weight loss in patients who are unable to maintain weight loss. Are. non-surgical means. It also helps in reducing cardiovascular disease (CVD) as well as other expected benefits of this intervention. The ultimate benefit of losing weight is related to reductions in co-morbidities, quality of life and all-cause mortality.
Specific criteria established by the NIH Consensus Panel indicated that bariatric surgery is appropriate for all patients with a BMI (kg/m2) >40 and a BMI 35–40 for patients with associated comorbid conditions. These standards have remained in place for many years, although specific indications for bariatric/metabolic surgical intervention have been recognized for individuals with less severe obesity, such as individuals with type 2 diabetes with a BMI of 30–35. Indications for bariatric surgery are rapidly evolving to consider the presence or absence of comorbid conditions as well as the severity of obesity, as reflected by BMI.
Typical bariatric surgical procedures include Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), sleeve gastrectomy, biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch, implantation of devices (adjustable gastric banding, intermittent vaginal blockade, gastrointestinal endoscopic devices).
The bariatric surgical community made several changes as a result of this improved safety record. Included is recognition of the importance of surgeon and center experience, establishing pathways, care protocols, and quality initiatives and incorporating all of these aspects of care into recognition of the center program. Changes in laparoscopic method occurred during the same time period and also contributed to improved safety.
Weight loss following bariatric surgery has been studied and reported both short and long term following all surgical procedures performed, as weight loss is the primary objective of bariatric surgery. Average weight loss has been reported similarly. However, it is important to recognize the high variability of weight loss following clearly standardized operative procedures such as RYGB or laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB).
The ultimate benefit of weight loss, whether medical or surgical, is related to reductions in co-morbidities, quality of life, and all-cause mortality. Despite the importance of taking steps to assess these risks and implementing effective medical management with variable success, surgery has proven to be more effective.
Source by Saket Kumar
